GHANA DISASTER PROFILE

The following are disasters that have been identified and for which Technical Committees have been tasked to develop various hazard maps, and to draw education and training programs, emergency preparedness and response plans and advise what the government of Ghana has to put in place before and after disasters have occurred.

TYPES OF HAZARDS/DISASTERS

COVERAGE AREA

Hydro-meteorological Disasters
Pest and Insect Infestation Disasters
Geological/ Nuclear Radiological Disasters
Fires and Lightning Disasters
Disease Epidemics Disasters
Man-Made Disasters
Flood, Windstorm, Rainstorm, Drought and Tidalwaves.
Armyworm, Anthrax, Blackfly, Locust, Larger Grain Borer etc.
Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Gas Emission and Landslide etc.
Bush/Wild fires, Domestic and Industrial fires and Lightening.
Cholera, Yellow Fever, Cerebro -Spinal Meningitis (CSM), Pandemic Influenza etc.
Social conflicts, Collapse of Building, Vehicular and Aviation Accidents, Lake/ Boat Accidents Marine and Railway Disasters etc.

MAJOR FIELD OPERATION

Since its inception in 1997, NADMO has had to tackle major disasters and among them were:
  • Outbreak of Cerebro-Spinal Minigitis (CSM): The outbreak affected the three Northern Regions which claimed 1,356 lives in 1997. The breakdown is as follows (UER-852, UWR-73, NR-431) - 1997
  • Cholera Outbreak: This happened in Greater Accra and Central Regions (GAR-38, CR-79): a total of 117 people died. An amount of one hundred and fifty million cedis (¢150m=GH¢15,000) was spent on the management and control of the epidemic and the procurement of tents.
  • Armyworm Invasion: There was an armyworm invasion in the three Northern Regions, Ejura in Ashanti and Dahwenya in the Greater Accra Region. Relief provided included seeds, chemicals, protective clothing etc, amounted to seven hundred million Cedis (¢700m=GH¢70,000).
  • Northern Floods: The 1999 Northern floods swept through the Upper West, Upper East, Northern and the Northern parts of the Brong Ahafo and Volta Regions affected over three hundred thousand (300,000) persons. There were secondary disasters of water-borne and water related diseases to contend with.  It cost GH¢280,000 to manage the disaster as broken down below:
  1. Provision for health care cost over five hundred million cedis (¢500m=GH¢50,000)
  2. Provision of potable water (purchase of water and poly-tanks) was four hundred million cedis (¢400m=GH¢40,000)
  3. Rehabilitation of dams, one billion and two hundred million cedis (¢1.2b=GH¢120,000)
  4. Educational programmes for disease prevention and maintenance of wells cost two hundred million cedis (¢200m=GH¢20,000)
  5. Rehabilitation of farms cost five hundred million cedis (¢500m=GH¢50,000).
  • Black Flies Invasion: It affected the three Northern Regions. An amount of three hundred million (¢300m=GH¢30,000) cedis was spent on relief and public education programme through workshops and seminars.
  • Operation “Ogyefo”: Rescue and evacuation of Ghanaians and other nationals from Guinea Conakry and Sierra Leone. - 1997
  • Operation Okumkom” I: As result of insufficient and erratic rainfall in the three Northern Regions, the government had to provide subsidized food to the people in the affected regions to the tune of two billion cedis (¢2b-GH¢200,000) in the early part of 1997.
  • Operation “Okumkom” II: Just as above, the government provided three billion Cedis (GH¢300,000) to purchase food for the people in Dangme East and West in the Greater Accra region, and for Keta, South and North Tongu Districts in the Volta Region. - 1998
In the two Okumkom Operations, twenty percent (20%) of the food provided went to the neediest of the needy free of charge.
  • Operation “Dela”: Rescuing distressed ship in Ghanaian waters. - 2000
  • Operation “Deladem”: As a result of civil strife in Libya, Ghanaians among other Africans were thrown out of their jobs and homes and the Government of Ghana was compelled to evacuate five thousand, two hundred (5,200) Ghanaians and forty-nine (49) Togolese, who were later transported to Togo. The administrative support at the Reception Centre in Accra, the onward transportation of evacuees to their villages/hometowns and transit allowance alone cost about three hundred and fifty million cedis (¢350m=GH¢35,000) - 2000
  • Operation Brotherhood: The reception of Burkinabe refugees and other nationals escaping the carnage of the internal armed conflict in La Cote d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast). - 2003
  • Refugee Management: Ghana since 1989 with the collaboration of UNHCR has been managing refugees from Liberia, Togo, Sudan, Sierra Leone and other African countries. NADMO has been managing the various refugee camps. Currently, there are two Refugee Camps at Krisan and Buduburam located in Western and Central Regions respectively. There are also Refugee Reception Centres at Essipong (Western Region), Bole (Northern Region) and Accra (Greater Accra Region). The Buduburam Camp in point in time hosted 41,853 refugees, mostly Liberian nationals. The Krisan Camp now hosts 2,000 refugees and asylum seekers mainly from Sierra Leone, Togo, Liberia, and La Cote d’Ivoire. The Klikor Camp in the Volta Region after hosting the first Togolese refugees was closed down.
  • Voluntary Repatriation Exercise: NADMO in conjunction with the UNHCR has being assisting in the voluntary repatriation exercises at the Buduburam Camp. So far about 2,649 Liberians have been voluntarily repatriated by air and sea. Since September, 2007 about 1,184 Togolese refugees have also been voluntarily sent home. The exercises are still on-going.
  • Reception of Ghanaians Deportees/Evacuees from Abroad: Since 1997, NADMO has received about 38,386 Ghanaian deportees/evacuees from countries such as Libya, Italy, Lebanon, South Africa, Brazil, Morocco, Equatorial Guinea, Sierra Leone, La Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea Conakry, Algeria, Israel, Malaysia, US and Canada. These returnees were received and given money for transportation to their home towns.
  • The 2nd northern Floods: This swept through Upper West, Upper East and Northern Regions affected over three hundred thousand (307,127) persons. There were some deaths recorded in the three regions (31 in Upper East; 10 in Upper West). There were secondary disasters of water-borne and water related diseases to contend with by NADMO and other agencies. This attracted mega response both local and external assistance was sorted for. – 2007

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